A chip seal, commonly referred to as a seal coat, is primarily made up of one size of aggregate that can be either washed or dusty. The aggregates can range in size from 19 mm to 4.75 mm. Generally, the largest particle should be no more than twice the diameter of the smallest one. Aggregate gradation and type dictate application rates for the aggregate and emulsions, as well as the type of emulsion.
2007 – Resurfacing of Highway 127 in Ontario Using a High Performance Double Chip Seal-Kucharek,Davidson,Linton and Phillips
2006-Adhesive and Cohesive Properties of RS Emulsions during Chip Seal Construction – Kucharek, Davidson and Croteau
2005 – Overview of the Design of Emulsion Based Seal Coat Systems in Canada and Abroad-Davidson,Croteau,Houston and Linton
2011 – Optimizing the Effectiveness of High Performance Chip Seals in Ontario – Kucharek,Moore,Linton,Davidson and Phillips
2006-Chip Sealing Systems Improving Early Age Chip Retention-Anton Kucharek, Keith Davidson and Jean-Martin Croteau
1959-Asphalt Surface Treatments and Seal Coats-Norman W. McLeod
